Perintah

Pengantar

Perintah memungkinkan Anda memperluas CLI Nylo Website dengan tooling khusus proyek. Dengan membuat subclass dari NyCustomCommand, Anda dapat mengotomatiskan tugas-tugas berulang, membangun alur kerja deployment, menghasilkan kode, atau menambahkan fungsionalitas apa pun yang Anda butuhkan langsung di terminal.

Setiap perintah kustom memiliki akses ke sekumpulan helper bawaan untuk file I/O, JSON/YAML, prompt interaktif, spinner, progress bar, permintaan API, dan lainnya -- semuanya tanpa perlu mengimpor paket tambahan.

Catatan: Perintah kustom berjalan di luar runtime Flutter. Anda tidak dapat mengimpor nylo_framework.dart di perintah Anda. Gunakan ny_cli.dart sebagai gantinya.

Membuat Perintah

Buat perintah baru menggunakan Metro atau Dart CLI:

metro make:command current_time

Anda dapat menentukan kategori untuk perintah Anda menggunakan opsi --category:

metro make:command current_time --category="project"

Ini akan membuat file baru di lib/app/commands/current_time.dart dan mendaftarkannya di registri perintah.

Struktur Perintah

Setiap perintah meng-extend NyCustomCommand dan mengimplementasikan dua method utama:

• builder() -- mengonfigurasi opsi dan flag
• handle() -- mengeksekusi logika perintah

import 'package:nylo_framework/metro/ny_cli.dart';

void main(arguments) => _CurrentTimeCommand(arguments).run();

/// Current Time Command
///
/// Usage:
///   metro app:current_time
class _CurrentTimeCommand extends NyCustomCommand {
  _CurrentTimeCommand(super.arguments);

  @override
  CommandBuilder builder(CommandBuilder command) {
    command.addOption('format', defaultValue: 'HH:mm:ss');
    return command;
  }

  @override
  Future<void> handle(CommandResult result) async {
    final format = result.getString("format");
    info("Current time format: $format");
  }
}

Menjalankan Perintah

Jalankan perintah Anda menggunakan Metro atau Dart:

metro app:current_time

Nama perintah mengikuti pola category:name. Saat Anda menjalankan metro tanpa argumen, perintah kustom akan muncul di bagian Custom Commands:

[Custom Commands]
  app:current_time
  project:install_firebase
  project:deploy

Untuk menampilkan bantuan untuk sebuah perintah:

metro app:current_time --help

Registri Perintah

Semua perintah kustom didaftarkan di lib/app/commands/commands.json. File ini diperbarui secara otomatis saat Anda menggunakan make:command:

[
  {
    "name": "install_firebase",
    "category": "project",
    "script": "install_firebase.dart"
  },
  {
    "name": "current_time",
    "category": "app",
    "script": "current_time.dart"
  }
]

Setiap entri memiliki:

Opsi dan Flag

Konfigurasikan opsi dan flag perintah Anda di method builder() menggunakan CommandBuilder.

Menambahkan Opsi

Opsi menerima nilai dari pengguna:

@override
CommandBuilder builder(CommandBuilder command) {
  command.addOption(
    'environment',
    abbr: 'e',
    help: 'Target deployment environment',
    defaultValue: 'development',
    allowed: ['development', 'staging', 'production'],
  );
  return command;
}

Penggunaan:

metro project:deploy --environment=production
# atau menggunakan singkatan
metro project:deploy -e production

Menambahkan Flag

Flag adalah toggle boolean:

@override
CommandBuilder builder(CommandBuilder command) {
  command.addFlag(
    'verbose',
    abbr: 'v',
    help: 'Enable verbose output',
    defaultValue: false,
  );
  return command;
}

Penggunaan:

metro project:deploy --verbose
metro project:deploy -v

Hasil Perintah

Method handle() menerima objek CommandResult dengan aksesor bertipe untuk membaca opsi, flag, dan argumen yang telah di-parse.

@override
Future<void> handle(CommandResult result) async {
  // Get a string option
  final name = result.getString('name');

  // Get a boolean flag
  final verbose = result.getBool('verbose');

  // Get an integer option
  final count = result.getInt('count');

  // Generic typed access
  final value = result.get<String>('key');

  // Built-in flag checks
  if (result.hasForceFlag) { /* --force was passed */ }
  if (result.hasHelpFlag) { /* --help was passed */ }

  // Raw arguments
  List<String> allArgs = result.arguments;
  List<String> unparsed = result.rest;
}

Input Interaktif

NyCustomCommand menyediakan method untuk mengumpulkan input pengguna di terminal.

Input Teks

// Ask a question with optional default
final name = prompt('What is your project name?', defaultValue: 'my_app');

// ask() is an alias for prompt()
final description = ask('Enter a description:');

Konfirmasi

if (confirm('Would you like to continue?', defaultValue: true)) {
  await runProcess('flutter pub get');
} else {
  info('Operation canceled');
}

Pilihan Tunggal

final environment = select(
  'Select deployment environment:',
  ['development', 'staging', 'production'],
  defaultOption: 'development',
);

Pilihan Ganda

final packages = multiSelect(
  'Select packages to install:',
  ['firebase_auth', 'dio', 'provider', 'shared_preferences'],
);

if (packages.isNotEmpty) {
  addPackages(packages);
  await runProcess('flutter pub get');
}

Pengguna memasukkan nomor yang dipisahkan koma atau "all".

Input Rahasia

final apiKey = promptSecret('Enter your API key:');

Input disembunyikan dari tampilan terminal. Akan kembali ke input yang terlihat jika mode echo tidak didukung.

Format Output

Method untuk mencetak output bergaya ke konsol:

@override
Future<void> handle(CommandResult result) async {
  info('Processing files...');       // Blue text
  error('Operation failed');         // Red text
  success('Deployment complete');    // Green text
  warning('Outdated package');       // Yellow text
  line('Plain text output');         // No color
  comment('Background note');        // Gray text
  alert('Important notice');         // Bordered alert box
  newLine();                         // One blank line
  newLine(3);                        // Three blank lines

  // Exit the command with an error
  abort('Fatal error occurred');     // Prints red, exits with code 1
}

Spinner dan Progres

Spinner dan progress bar memberikan umpan balik visual selama operasi yang berjalan lama.

Menggunakan withSpinner

Bungkus tugas async dengan spinner otomatis:

final projectFiles = await withSpinner(
  task: () async {
    await sleep(2);
    return ['pubspec.yaml', 'lib/main.dart', 'README.md'];
  },
  message: 'Analyzing project structure',
  successMessage: 'Project analysis complete',
  errorMessage: 'Failed to analyze project',
);

info('Found ${projectFiles.length} key files');

Kontrol Spinner Manual

Untuk alur kerja multi-langkah, buat spinner dan kontrol secara manual:

final spinner = createSpinner('Deploying to production');
spinner.start();

try {
  await runProcess('flutter clean', silent: true);
  spinner.update('Building release version');

  await runProcess('flutter build web --release', silent: true);
  spinner.update('Uploading to server');

  await runProcess('./deploy.sh', silent: true);
  spinner.stop(completionMessage: 'Deployment completed', success: true);
} catch (e) {
  spinner.stop(completionMessage: 'Deployment failed: $e', success: false);
}

Method ConsoleSpinner:

Progress Bar

Membuat dan mengelola progress bar secara manual:

final progress = progressBar(100, message: 'Processing files');
progress.start();

for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
  await Future.delayed(Duration(milliseconds: 50));
  progress.tick();
}

progress.complete('All files processed');

Method ConsoleProgressBar:

Memproses Item dengan Progres

Memproses daftar item dengan pelacakan progres otomatis:

// Async processing
final results = await withProgress<File, String>(
  items: findFiles('lib/', extension: '.dart'),
  process: (file, index) async {
    return file.path;
  },
  message: 'Analyzing Dart files',
  completionMessage: 'Analysis complete',
);

// Synchronous processing
final upperItems = withProgressSync<String, String>(
  items: ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'],
  process: (item, index) => item.toUpperCase(),
  message: 'Converting items',
);

Helper API

Helper api menyediakan wrapper sederhana di atas Dio untuk membuat permintaan HTTP:

// GET request
final userData = await api((request) =>
  request.get('https://api.example.com/users/1')
);

// POST request
final result = await api((request) =>
  request.post(
    'https://api.example.com/items',
    data: {'name': 'New Item', 'price': 19.99},
  )
);

// PUT request
final updateResult = await api((request) =>
  request.put(
    'https://api.example.com/items/42',
    data: {'name': 'Updated Item', 'price': 29.99},
  )
);

// DELETE request
final deleteResult = await api((request) =>
  request.delete('https://api.example.com/items/42')
);

// PATCH request
final patchResult = await api((request) =>
  request.patch(
    'https://api.example.com/items/42',
    data: {'price': 24.99},
  )
);

// With query parameters
final searchResults = await api((request) =>
  request.get(
    'https://api.example.com/search',
    queryParameters: {'q': 'keyword', 'limit': 10},
  )
);

Kombinasikan dengan withSpinner untuk pengalaman pengguna yang lebih baik:

final data = await withSpinner(
  task: () => api((request) =>
    request.get('https://api.example.com/config')
  ),
  message: 'Loading configuration',
);

ApiService mendukung method get, post, put, delete, dan patch, masing-masing menerima parameter opsional queryParameters, data, options, dan cancelToken.

Helper Sistem File

Helper sistem file bawaan sehingga Anda tidak perlu mengimpor dart:io:

// Check existence
if (fileExists('lib/config/app.dart')) { /* ... */ }
if (directoryExists('lib/app/models')) { /* ... */ }

// Read files
String content = await readFile('pubspec.yaml');
String contentSync = readFileSync('pubspec.yaml');

// Write files
await writeFile('lib/generated/output.dart', 'class Output {}');
writeFileSync('lib/generated/output.dart', 'class Output {}');

// Append to a file
await appendFile('log.txt', 'New log entry\n');

// Ensure a directory exists
await ensureDirectory('lib/generated');

// Delete and copy files
await deleteFile('lib/generated/output.dart');
await copyFile('lib/config/app.dart', 'lib/config/app.bak.dart');

Helper JSON dan YAML

Membaca dan menulis file JSON dan YAML dengan helper bawaan:

// Read JSON as Map
Map<String, dynamic> config = await readJson('config.json');

// Read JSON as List
List<dynamic> items = await readJsonArray('lib/app/commands/commands.json');

// Write JSON (pretty printed by default)
await writeJson('output.json', {'name': 'MyApp', 'version': '1.0.0'});

// Write compact JSON
await writeJson('output.json', data, pretty: false);

// Append to a JSON array file (with duplicate prevention)
await appendToJsonArray(
  'lib/app/commands/commands.json',
  {'name': 'my_command', 'category': 'app', 'script': 'my_command.dart'},
  uniqueKey: 'name',
);

// Read YAML as Map
Map<String, dynamic> pubspec = await readYaml('pubspec.yaml');
info('Project: ${pubspec['name']}');

Manipulasi File Dart

Helper untuk mengedit file sumber Dart secara programatik -- berguna saat membangun alat scaffolding:

// Add an import (skips if already present)
await addImport(
  'lib/bootstrap/providers.dart',
  "import '/app/providers/firebase_provider.dart';",
);

// Insert code before the last closing brace
await insertBeforeClosingBrace(
  'lib/bootstrap/providers.dart',
  '  FirebaseProvider(),',
);

// Check if a file contains a string
bool hasImport = await fileContains(
  'lib/bootstrap/providers.dart',
  'firebase_provider',
);

// Check if a file matches a regex pattern
bool hasClass = await fileContainsPattern(
  'lib/app/models/user.dart',
  RegExp(r'class User'),
);

Helper Direktori

Helper untuk bekerja dengan direktori dan menemukan file:

// List directory contents
var entities = listDirectory('lib/app/models');
var allEntities = listDirectory('lib/', recursive: true);

// Find files by extension
List<File> dartFiles = findFiles(
  'lib/app/models',
  extension: '.dart',
  recursive: true,
);

// Find files by name pattern
List<File> testFiles = findFiles(
  'test/',
  namePattern: RegExp(r'_test\.dart$'),
);

// Delete a directory recursively
await deleteDirectory('build/');

// Copy a directory recursively
await copyDirectory('lib/templates', 'lib/generated');

Helper Konversi Huruf

Mengonversi string antar konvensi penamaan tanpa mengimpor paket recase:

String input = 'user profile page';

snakeCase(input);    // user_profile_page
camelCase(input);    // userProfilePage
pascalCase(input);   // UserProfilePage
titleCase(input);    // User Profile Page
kebabCase(input);    // user-profile-page
constantCase(input); // USER_PROFILE_PAGE

Helper Path Proyek

Getter untuk direktori standar proyek Nylo Website, mengembalikan path relatif terhadap root proyek:

info(modelsPath);       // lib/app/models
info(controllersPath);  // lib/app/controllers
info(widgetsPath);      // lib/resources/widgets
info(pagesPath);        // lib/resources/pages
info(commandsPath);     // lib/app/commands
info(configPath);       // lib/config
info(providersPath);    // lib/app/providers
info(eventsPath);       // lib/app/events
info(networkingPath);   // lib/app/networking
info(themesPath);       // lib/resources/themes

// Build a custom path
String customPath = projectPath('app/services/auth_service.dart');
// Returns: lib/app/services/auth_service.dart

Helper Platform

Memeriksa platform dan mengakses variabel lingkungan:

if (isWindows) {
  info('Running on Windows');
} else if (isMacOS) {
  info('Running on macOS');
} else if (isLinux) {
  info('Running on Linux');
}

info('Working in: $workingDirectory');

String home = env('HOME', '/default/path');

Perintah Dart dan Flutter

Menjalankan perintah CLI Dart dan Flutter umum sebagai method helper. Masing-masing mengembalikan kode exit proses:

// Format a Dart file or directory
await dartFormat('lib/app/models/user.dart');

// Run dart analyze
int analyzeResult = await dartAnalyze('lib/');

// Run flutter pub get
await flutterPubGet();

// Run flutter clean
await flutterClean();

// Build for a target with additional args
await flutterBuild('apk', args: ['--release', '--split-per-abi']);
await flutterBuild('web', args: ['--release']);

// Run flutter test
await flutterTest();
await flutterTest('test/unit/');

Helper Validasi

Helper untuk memvalidasi dan membersihkan input pengguna untuk pembuatan kode:

// Validate a Dart identifier
if (!isValidDartIdentifier('MyClass')) {
  error('Invalid Dart identifier');
}

// Require a non-empty first argument (aborts if missing)
String name = requireArgument(result, message: 'Please provide a name');

// Clean a class name (PascalCase, remove suffixes)
String className = cleanClassName('user_model', removeSuffixes: ['_model']);
// Returns: 'User'

// Clean a file name (snake_case with extension)
String fileName = cleanFileName('UserModel', extension: '.dart');
// Returns: 'user_model.dart'

Scaffolding File

Membuat satu atau banyak file dengan konten menggunakan sistem scaffolding.

File Tunggal

await scaffold(
  path: 'lib/app/services/auth_service.dart',
  content: '''
class AuthService {
  Future<bool> login(String email, String password) async {
    return false;
  }
}
''',
  force: false,
  successMessage: 'AuthService created',
);

Banyak File

await scaffoldMany([
  ScaffoldFile(
    path: 'lib/app/models/product.dart',
    content: 'class Product {}',
    successMessage: 'Product model created',
  ),
  ScaffoldFile(
    path: 'lib/app/networking/product_api_service.dart',
    content: 'class ProductApiService {}',
    successMessage: 'Product API service created',
  ),
], force: false);

Kelas ScaffoldFile:

Task Runner

Menjalankan serangkaian tugas bernama dengan output status otomatis.

Task Runner Dasar

await runTasks([
  CommandTask(
    'Clean project',
    () => runProcess('flutter clean', silent: true),
  ),
  CommandTask(
    'Fetch dependencies',
    () => runProcess('flutter pub get', silent: true),
  ),
  CommandTask(
    'Run tests',
    () => runProcess('flutter test', silent: true),
    stopOnError: true,
  ),
]);

Task Runner dengan Spinner

await runTasksWithSpinner([
  CommandTask(
    'Preparing release',
    () async {
      await flutterClean();
      await flutterPubGet();
    },
  ),
  CommandTask(
    'Building APK',
    () => flutterBuild('apk', args: ['--release']),
  ),
]);

Kelas CommandTask:

Output Tabel

Menampilkan tabel ASCII terformat di konsol:

table(
  ['Name', 'Version', 'Status'],
  [
    ['nylo_framework', '7.0.0', 'installed'],
    ['nylo_support', '7.0.0', 'installed'],
    ['dio', '5.4.0', 'installed'],
  ],
);

Output:

┌─────────────────┬─────────┬───────────┐
│ Name            │ Version │ Status    │
├─────────────────┼─────────┼───────────┤
│ nylo_framework  │ 7.0.0   │ installed │
│ nylo_support    │ 7.0.0   │ installed │
│ dio             │ 5.4.0   │ installed │
└─────────────────┴─────────┴───────────┘

Contoh

Perintah Waktu Saat Ini

Perintah sederhana yang menampilkan waktu saat ini:

import 'package:nylo_framework/metro/ny_cli.dart';

void main(arguments) => _CurrentTimeCommand(arguments).run();

class _CurrentTimeCommand extends NyCustomCommand {
  _CurrentTimeCommand(super.arguments);

  @override
  CommandBuilder builder(CommandBuilder command) {
    command.addOption('format', defaultValue: 'HH:mm:ss');
    return command;
  }

  @override
  Future<void> handle(CommandResult result) async {
    final format = result.getString("format");
    final now = DateTime.now();
    info("The current time is ${now.toIso8601String()}");
    info("Requested format: $format");
  }
}

Perintah Unduh Font

Perintah yang mengunduh dan menginstal Google Fonts ke dalam proyek:

import 'package:nylo_framework/metro/ny_cli.dart';

void main(arguments) => _DownloadFontsCommand(arguments).run();

class _DownloadFontsCommand extends NyCustomCommand {
  _DownloadFontsCommand(super.arguments);

  @override
  CommandBuilder builder(CommandBuilder command) {
    command.addOption('font', abbr: 'f', help: 'Font family name');
    command.addFlag('verbose', abbr: 'v', defaultValue: false);
    return command;
  }

  @override
  Future<void> handle(CommandResult result) async {
    final fontName = result.getString('font') ??
        prompt('Enter font family name:', defaultValue: 'Roboto');

    final verbose = result.getBool('verbose') ?? false;

    await withSpinner(
      task: () async {
        await ensureDirectory('assets/fonts');
        final fontData = await api((request) =>
          request.get('https://fonts.google.com/download?family=$fontName')
        );
        if (fontData != null) {
          await writeFile('assets/fonts/$fontName.ttf', fontData.toString());
        }
      },
      message: 'Downloading $fontName font',
      successMessage: '$fontName font installed',
      errorMessage: 'Failed to download $fontName',
    );

    if (verbose) {
      info('Font saved to: assets/fonts/$fontName.ttf');
    }
  }
}

Perintah Pipeline Deployment

Perintah yang menjalankan pipeline deployment lengkap menggunakan task runner:

import 'package:nylo_framework/metro/ny_cli.dart';

void main(arguments) => _DeployCommand(arguments).run();

class _DeployCommand extends NyCustomCommand {
  _DeployCommand(super.arguments);

  @override
  CommandBuilder builder(CommandBuilder command) {
    command.addOption(
      'environment',
      abbr: 'e',
      defaultValue: 'development',
      allowed: ['development', 'staging', 'production'],
    );
    command.addFlag('skip-tests', defaultValue: false);
    return command;
  }

  @override
  Future<void> handle(CommandResult result) async {
    final env = result.getString('environment') ?? 'development';
    final skipTests = result.getBool('skip-tests') ?? false;

    alert('Deploying to $env');
    newLine();

    if (env == 'production') {
      if (!confirm('Are you sure you want to deploy to production?')) {
        abort('Deployment canceled');
      }
    }

    final tasks = <CommandTask>[
      CommandTask('Clean project', () => flutterClean()),
      CommandTask('Fetch dependencies', () => flutterPubGet()),
    ];

    if (!skipTests) {
      tasks.add(CommandTask(
        'Run tests',
        () => flutterTest(),
        stopOnError: true,
      ));
    }

    tasks.add(CommandTask(
      'Build for web',
      () => flutterBuild('web', args: ['--release']),
    ));

    await runTasksWithSpinner(tasks);

    newLine();
    success('Deployment to $env completed');

    table(
      ['Step', 'Status'],
      tasks.map((t) => [t.name, 'Done']).toList(),
    );
  }
}