# Controller

<div id="introduction"></div>

## Pengantar

Controller di Nylo v7 bertindak sebagai koordinator antara view (halaman) dan logika bisnis Anda. Controller menangani input pengguna, mengelola pembaruan state, dan menyediakan pemisahan tanggung jawab yang bersih.

Nylo v7 memperkenalkan kelas `NyController` dengan method bawaan yang kuat untuk notifikasi toast, validasi form, manajemen state, dan lainnya.

``` dart
import 'package:nylo_framework/nylo_framework.dart';

class HomeController extends NyController {

  @override
  Future<void> construct(BuildContext context) async {
    super.construct(context);
    // Inisialisasi layanan atau ambil data
  }

  void onTapProfile() {
    routeTo(ProfilePage.path);
  }

  void submitForm() {
    validate(
      rules: {"email": "email"},
      onSuccess: () => showToastSuccess(description: "Form submitted!"),
    );
  }
}
```

<div id="creating-controllers"></div>

## Membuat Controller

Gunakan Metro CLI untuk membuat controller:

``` bash
# Buat halaman dengan controller
metro make:page dashboard --controller
# atau singkatan
metro make:page dashboard -c

# Buat hanya controller
metro make:controller profile_controller
```

Ini membuat:
- **Controller**: `lib/app/controllers/dashboard_controller.dart`
- **Halaman**: `lib/resources/pages/dashboard_page.dart`

<div id="using-controllers"></div>

## Menggunakan Controller

Hubungkan controller ke halaman Anda dengan menentukannya sebagai tipe generik pada `NyStatefulWidget`:

``` dart
import 'package:nylo_framework/nylo_framework.dart';
import '/app/controllers/home_controller.dart';

class HomePage extends NyStatefulWidget<HomeController> {

  static RouteView path = ("/home", (_) => HomePage());

  HomePage() : super(child: () => _HomePageState());
}

class _HomePageState extends NyPage<HomePage> {

  @override
  get init => () async {
    // Akses method controller
    widget.controller.fetchData();
  };

  @override
  Widget view(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: Text("Home")),
      body: Column(
        children: [
          ElevatedButton(
            onPressed: widget.controller.onTapProfile,
            child: Text("View Profile"),
          ),
          TextField(
            controller: widget.controller.nameController,
          ),
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}
```

<div id="accessing-route-data"></div>

## Mengakses Data Rute

Kirim data antar halaman dan akses di controller Anda:

``` dart
// Navigasi dengan data
routeTo(ProfilePage.path, data: {"userId": 123});

// Di controller Anda
class ProfileController extends NyController {

  @override
  Future<void> construct(BuildContext context) async {
    super.construct(context);

    // Dapatkan data yang dikirim
    Map<String, dynamic>? userData = data();
    int? userId = userData?['userId'];
  }
}
```

Atau akses data langsung di state halaman Anda:

``` dart
class _ProfilePageState extends NyPage<ProfilePage> {

  @override
  get init => () async {
    // Dari controller
    var userData = widget.controller.data();

    // Atau dari widget langsung
    var userData = widget.data();
  };
}
```

<div id="query-parameters"></div>

## Parameter Query

Akses parameter query URL di controller Anda:

``` dart
// Navigasi ke: /profile?tab=settings&highlight=true
routeTo("/profile?tab=settings&highlight=true");

// Di controller Anda
class ProfileController extends NyController {

  @override
  Future<void> construct(BuildContext context) async {
    super.construct(context);

    // Dapatkan semua parameter query sebagai Map
    Map<String, dynamic>? params = queryParameters();
    // {"tab": "settings", "highlight": "true"}

    // Dapatkan parameter tertentu
    String? tab = queryParameters(key: "tab");
    // "settings"
  }
}
```

Periksa apakah parameter query ada:

``` dart
// Di halaman Anda
if (widget.hasQueryParameter("tab")) {
  // Tangani parameter tab
}
```

<div id="page-state-management"></div>

## Manajemen State Halaman

Controller dapat mengelola state halaman secara langsung:

``` dart
class HomeController extends NyController {

  int counter = 0;

  void increment() {
    counter++;
    // Picu setState pada halaman
    setState(setState: () {});
  }

  void refresh() {
    // Segarkan seluruh halaman
    refreshPage();
  }

  void goBack() {
    // Pop halaman dengan hasil opsional
    pop(result: {"updated": true});
  }

  void goBackFromRoot() {
    // Pop dari root navigator (mis. untuk menutup modal level root di Navigation Hub)
    pop(rootNavigator: true);
  }

  void updateCustomState() {
    // Kirim aksi kustom ke halaman
    updatePageState("customAction", {"key": "value"});
  }
}
```

<div id="toast-notifications"></div>

## Notifikasi Toast

Controller menyertakan method notifikasi toast bawaan:

``` dart
class FormController extends NyController {

  void showNotifications() {
    // Toast sukses
    showToastSuccess(description: "Profile updated!");

    // Toast peringatan
    showToastWarning(description: "Please check your input");

    // Toast error/bahaya
    showToastDanger(description: "Failed to save changes");

    // Toast info
    showToastInfo(description: "New features available");

    // Toast maaf
    showToastSorry(description: "We couldn't process your request");

    // Toast ups
    showToastOops(description: "Something went wrong");
  }

  void showCustomToast() {
    // Toast kustom dengan judul
    showToastSuccess(
      title: "Great Job!",
      description: "Your changes have been saved",
    );

    // Gunakan gaya toast kustom (terdaftar di Nylo)
    showToastCustom(
      title: "Custom",
      description: "Using custom style",
      id: "my_custom_toast",
    );
  }
}
```

<div id="form-validation"></div>

## Validasi Form

Validasi data form langsung dari controller Anda:

``` dart
class RegisterController extends NyController {

  TextEditingController emailController = TextEditingController();
  TextEditingController passwordController = TextEditingController();

  void submitRegistration() {
    validate(
      rules: {
        "email": "email|max:50",
        "password": "min:8|max:64",
      },
      data: {
        "email": emailController.text,
        "password": passwordController.text,
      },
      messages: {
        "email.email": "Please enter a valid email",
        "password.min": "Password must be at least 8 characters",
      },
      showAlert: true,
      alertStyle: 'warning',
      onSuccess: () {
        // Validasi berhasil
        _performRegistration();
      },
      onFailure: (exception) {
        // Validasi gagal
        print(exception.toString());
      },
    );
  }

  void _performRegistration() async {
    // Tangani logika registrasi
    showToastSuccess(description: "Account created!");
  }
}
```

<div id="language-switching"></div>

## Pergantian Bahasa

Ubah bahasa aplikasi dari controller Anda:

``` dart
class SettingsController extends NyController {

  void switchToSpanish() {
    changeLanguage('es', restartState: true);
  }

  void switchToEnglish() {
    changeLanguage('en', restartState: true);
  }
}
```

<div id="lock-release"></div>

## Lock Release

Cegah ketukan ganda yang cepat pada tombol:

``` dart
class CheckoutController extends NyController {

  void onTapPurchase() {
    lockRelease("purchase_lock", perform: () async {
      // Kode ini hanya berjalan sekali sampai lock dilepas
      await processPayment();
      showToastSuccess(description: "Payment complete!");
    });
  }

  void onTapWithoutSetState() {
    lockRelease(
      "my_lock",
      perform: () async {
        await someAsyncOperation();
      },
      shouldSetState: false, // Jangan picu setState setelahnya
    );
  }
}
```

<div id="confirm-actions"></div>

## Konfirmasi Aksi

Tampilkan dialog konfirmasi sebelum melakukan aksi destruktif:

``` dart
class AccountController extends NyController {

  void onTapDeleteAccount() {
    confirmAction(
      () async {
        // Pengguna mengonfirmasi - lakukan penghapusan
        await deleteAccount();
        showToastSuccess(description: "Account deleted");
      },
      title: "Delete Account?",
      dismissText: "Cancel",
    );
  }
}
```

<div id="singleton-controllers"></div>

## Controller Singleton

Buat controller yang bertahan di seluruh aplikasi sebagai singleton:

``` dart
class AuthController extends NyController {

  @override
  bool get singleton => true;

  User? currentUser;

  Future<void> login(String email, String password) async {
    // Logika login
    currentUser = await AuthService.login(email, password);
  }

  bool get isLoggedIn => currentUser != null;
}
```

Controller singleton dibuat sekali dan digunakan kembali sepanjang siklus hidup aplikasi.

<div id="controller-decoders"></div>

## Decoder Controller

Daftarkan controller Anda di `lib/config/decoders.dart`:

``` dart
import 'package:nylo_framework/nylo_framework.dart';
import '/app/controllers/home_controller.dart';
import '/app/controllers/profile_controller.dart';
import '/app/controllers/auth_controller.dart';

final Map<Type, BaseController Function()> controllers = {
  HomeController: () => HomeController(),
  ProfileController: () => ProfileController(),
  AuthController: () => AuthController(),
};
```

Map ini memungkinkan Nylo untuk me-resolve controller saat halaman dimuat.

<div id="route-guards"></div>

## Route Guard

Controller dapat mendefinisikan route guard yang berjalan sebelum halaman dimuat:

``` dart
class AdminController extends NyController {

  @override
  List<RouteGuard> get routeGuards => [
    AuthRouteGuard(),
    AdminRoleGuard(),
  ];

  @override
  Future<void> construct(BuildContext context) async {
    super.construct(context);
    // Hanya berjalan jika semua guard lolos
  }
}
```

Lihat [dokumentasi Router](/docs/7.x/router) untuk detail lebih lanjut tentang route guard.